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Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia (general information) …  more than a third of psychiatric hospitalizations in the country are for schizophrenia  . Schizophrenia  is a severe mental disorder characterized by severe distortions in thinking, perception and inappropriate emotions and leads to a high level of disability. Epidemiology  .  Approximately 1 new case per 1000 population is diagnosed each year.  This indicator is stable throughout the world (the incidence does not depend on nationality and race).  The median age of onset is 15–25 years for men and 25–35 for women (~90% of all patients are aged 15–54 years).  Schizophrenia rarely begins before the age of 10 and later than 50. (!) The risk of getting sick is directly proportional to the degree of relationship and the number of cases in the family. Etiology schizophrenia is unknown.  Factors that are necessary and sufficient for the onset of the disease have not been established. Neuromorphological studies reveal nonspecific degenerative diffu
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DIABETES MELLITUS

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  7.1. CLASSIFICATION OF DIABETES MELLITUS Diabetes mellitus  (DM) is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia due to impaired secretion and / or effectiveness of insulin. Chronic hyperglycemia, which develops in diabetes, is accompanied by the development of complications from many organs and systems, primarily from the heart, blood vessels, eyes, kidneys and nerves. Diabetes in total affects 5-6% of the population. In economically developed countries of the world, every 10-15 years, the number of patients with diabetes increases by 2 times. Life expectancy in diabetes is reduced by 10-15%. The causes of diabetes vary widely. In the vast majority of cases, diabetes develops either due to an absolute deficiency of insulin  (type 1 diabetes mellitus -  DM-1), or due to a decrease in the sensitivity of peripheral tissues to insulin in combination with secretory dysfunction of the β cells of the pancreas  (type 2 diabetes mellitus -  TD-2). In some cases, the at
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